கம்ப்யூட்டர் புத்தகம்

COMPUTER HISTORY

The computer beginning with a 19^th century.English Mathematics Professer Charles Babbage.He Designed the Anatomical Engine.

Abacus

    →Digital Computer in 1642.←

               »GENERATION OF COMPUTER«

(1)    THE FIRST GENERATION    »»» {1943-1958}

The computer designed Vacuum tubes were used as internal components Vacuum tubes are generally about 5-10 centimeters          

                                                                       

(2)    THE SECOND GENERATION     »»» {1959-1964}     

The computer designed the transistor type performing many of fue same task .Computer size to be reduced but they were faster,less electricity.

(          3)    THE THIRD GENERATION      »»»  {1965~1970}

In 1965 the first integrated circuit(IC) Be placed on the single silicon chip 2 to 3 min,square Computer used IC’s Replaced transistor based machines.

(4)    THE FOURTH GENERATION  »»» {1971}

The same IC system. But large scale integeration .

One silicon chip=Thousand’s integrated circuit between change microprocessor.

VLSI Type in year (1975)

(5)    THE FIFTH GENERATION

The Fifth Generation of COMPUTER Designed by the Japanese Government in (1980) .The Feautures of Aryificial intelligence Expert system, and Natural language.

******************************************************************************

 COMPUTER USING 

 

1)      Online shopping

2)      Electronic payment’s  

3)      Internet banking

4)      Online ticketing

1) Computer in - DEFENCE  - Field

2) Computer in - INSURANCE  - Field

3) Computer in - EDUCATION  - Field

4) Computer in - MARKETING  - Field

5) Computer in - HEALTH CARE -  Field

6) Computer in - COMMUNICATION  -  Field

7) Computer in - GOVERNMENT  - Field

8) Computer in - ENGINEERING  - Field

         ACRONYM          

1. ACE                 -           Access Control Entry
2. AL                   -           Artificial intelligence
3. ALU                 -           Arithmetic Logic Unit
4. BCD                 -           Binary Coded Decimal
5. BIOS                -           Basic Input Output System
6. BPS                 -           Bytes Per Seconds
7. CAD                 -           Computer Aided Design
8. CD                   -           Computer Disc
9. CD-RW            -           Compact Disc ReWritting
10. CPU                 -           Central Processing Unit
11. CRT                 -           Cathode Ray Tube
12. DLC                 -           Data Link Control
13. DSL                 -           Digital Subscriber Line
14. DVD                            -           Digital Video Disc
15. EROM              -           Erasable Read Only Memory
16. FAT                 -           File Allocation table
17. FDD                            -           Floopy Disc Drive
18. FTP                 -           File Transver Protocol
19. GB                               -           Giga Bite
20. GUI                              -           Grafical User Interface
21. HDD                            -           Hard Disc Drive
22. HTML             -           Hyper Text Markup Launguage
23. HTTP              -           Hyper Text Transfer Protocol
24. IO                                -           Input , Output
25. IC                                 -           Integeration Circuit
26. IDE                              -           Integrated Development Environment
27. IP                      -          Internet Protocol
28. Kb                     -           Kilo Byte
29. Lan                  -           Local Area Network
30. LCD                 -           Liquid Crystal  Display
31. Mb                   -           Mega Bytes
32. MBR                -           Master Book Record
33. NTP                             -           Network Time Protocol
34. OS                    -           Operating System
35. RAM                            -           Random Access Memory
36. RGB                 -           Red Green Blue
37. ROM                            -           Read Only Memory
38. RTC                 -           Read Time Clock
39. SAM                -           Security Access Manager
40. SW                  -           SoftWare
41. TB                   -           Tera Bytes
42. UI                    -           User Interface
43. URL                 -           Universal Resourse Locator
44. USB                 -           Universal Serial Bus
45. VAN                -           Virtual Area Network
46. VGA                 -           Video Graphics Addapter
47. VPN                 -           Virtual Private Network
48. WAN               -           Wide Area Network
49. WWW             -           World Wide Web
50.  

*******************************************************************************************

Computer

C      -     Common

O        -     Oriented

M       -      Machine

P       -      Particularly

U       -     Used for

T       -     Trade

E       -     Education and

R       -    Research

COMPUTER  –  Common Oriented Machine Particularly Used for Trade Education & Research.

=================================================================

              

  COMPUTER HARDWARE

Ø  Case

Ø  Power switch

Ø  Reset switch

Ø  Hard drive

Ø  Floopy

Ø  CD/DVD

Ø  Serial parts

Ø  Parallel part

Ø  Usb part

Ø  Key board/Mouse

Ø  Network card

Ø  Modem

Ø  Sound card

Ø  Video card

Ø  Ram

Ø  Mother board

Ø  Fan

Ø  Cable short cut key‘s

=====================================================================================

MEMORY OF UNIT DESCRIOPTION

8 bit    =  1 byte

   Kilo byte   (KB)      *  1 KB  = 1024 byte

Mega byte (MB)    *  1 MB  = 1024 kb

Giga byte (GB)       *  1 GB   = 1024 mb

Tera byte  (TB)     *  1 TB  =  1024 gb

Peta byte  (PB)    *  1 PB  =  1024 tb

=================================================================

CPU following Three 3  components.

Ø  Memory or Storage unit

Ø  Control unit

Ø  ALU ( Arithmetic Logic Unit).

======================================================================

MEMORY IS PRIMARY OF THREE TYPES

Ø Cache

Ø Primary memory /Main memory

Ø Secondary memory.

*******************************************************************************************

Over All Process In Computer

Ø  INPUT

Ø  PROCESS

Ø  OUTPUT

Ø  STORAGE

MEMORY

INPUT

OUTPUT

PROCESSER CU/ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT

STORAGE SERVICES

 

======================================================================

    ❶                                                                        ❷                                                                   ❸ 

HARDWARE

SOFTWARE APPLICATION

OPERATING SYSTEM

 

=========================================================================

URL  -    UNIFORM RESOURCE LOCATER

http://                 →    Protocol

www                    →    Domain

yahoo.com          →    Site Name

TCP/IP-(Transmission Control protocol  and  Internet Protocol)

 DRIVER SOFTWARE

Driver Software  receives standard signals from another program, then translates these into Command’s of a particular piece of hardware.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

BIT

A BIT (Short for binary digit) is the smallest unit of Data in Computer.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 BIOS

(BASIC INPUT AND OUTPUT SOFTWARE)

BIOS Stands for basic input output software.

=========================================================================

MOTHER BOARD

The Mother Board Serves as a single platform to connect all of the parts of a computer together. A Mother Board Connect’s (PC).

=========================================================================

 CMOS

The CMOS is defined as the COMPLEMENTRY METAL OXIDE SEMI CONDUCTER.

====================================================================

DDR

The  DDR Stands for DOUBLE DATA RATE.

MS Office package

Definition - What does Microsoft Word mean?

Microsoft Word is a widely used commercial word processor designed by Microsoft. Microsoft Word is a component of the Microsoft Office suite of productivity software

Microsoft Word is often called simply Word or MS Word.

=====================================================================================

Definition - What does  Microsoft Excel mean?

  

Software developed and manufactured by MicrosoftCorporation that allows users to organize, format, and calculate data with formulas using a spreadsheet systembroken up by rows and columns. Microsoft Excel usually comes bundled with Microsoft Office and is compatible with other applications offered in the suite of products. The first software program similar to Excel was released in 1982 and was called Multiplan.

Microsoft PowerPoint

=====================================================================================

  Definition - What does  Microsoft PowerPoint mean?

Microsoft Office product that provides users with an interface to design multimedia slides to be displayed on a projection system or personal computer. The software incorporates images, sounds, videos, text, and charts to create an interactive presentation. Microsoft PowerPoint interacts with other Office products such as Microsoft Word and Excel, and is included with most Microsoft Office packages.